Factors that affect performance capacity in running such as foot strike.
Forefoot running, especially at faster speeds, was found to be the best at reducing all risk factors for shin splints vs heel strike running.
The worst type of running shoe for injury prevention are those with soft thick compressible underfoot materials vs firmer cushioning, or even running barefoot! In fact, soft cushioned running shoes was primarily responsible for ankle injury as compared with firmer cushioned running shoes, or barefoot running.
Heel strike running causes chronic injury because of the heel-to-toe rollover action of the foot that occurs after heel strike was found to produce the highest jolt, jarring, jerky, braking and loading forces that cannot be reducible by cushioned running shoes, but with forefoot running only.
Forefoot running promotes energy efficiency by making all of the elastic structures in the lower leg do a better job at storing and releasing energy-saving elastic power. This was found to greatly improve running economy by dramatically reducing energy-expensive muscle costs as compared with heel strike running, which not only fully impedes the elastic properties of the arch and Achilles, it also damages these structures in a continuous way.
Heel strike running produces an impact variable, known as an impulse wave, that is primarily responsible for long bone injuries, such as a femur fracture, as compared with forefoot running, which was found to sufficiently counter this damaging impact.
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