Newton has many forefoot strike running shoes that are becoming increasingly popular in the minimalist running community. For example, the Newton Neutral Racer Shoe is a huge hit among many forefoot runners because the shoe apparently aids in maintaining a forefoot strike landing during running. Interestingly, the same shoe was scientifically proven to improve running economy by positively effecting running form.
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How does a Newton running shoe enforce a forefoot strike landing during running?
Newton Running claims that the actuator lugs integrated into the forefoot design of their Neutral Racer shoe
Moreover, the Newton Running Company designs their running shoes to facilitate a forefoot strike landing pattern instead of a heel strike landing pattern. Scientists Moran and Geer put Newton and their actuator lugs to the to the test and found the following:
- participants running in the Newton Neutral Racers with the actuator lugs performed better than participants in Neutral Racers without the actuator lugs (shown below).
- the actuator lugs improved running economy and reduced perception of effort
- the Newton Neutral Racers with actuator lugs exceeded a 2% improvement in running economy compared to the Newton Neutral Racers without actuator lugs
Why Actuator Lugs Produced Better Results
The forefoot actuator lugs added hardness to the sole. Previous studies have found that harder soles increase knee flexion and leg compliance compared to running shoes with a softer sole.
For instance, a study by Clark et al, found that hard soles absorbed less impact at foot strike causing an increase in maximum knee flexion (bending of the knee).
Other studies have found that barefoot runners landed with greater knee flexion, especially on harder surfaces, compared to runners in cushioned footwear and were found to use less oxygen to fuel their muscles.
- increased knee flexion provides a cushioning effect, making foot strike landing softer and comfortable, and is correlated with reduced muscular efforts and reduced oxygen consumption
Therefore, the researchers suggested that the forefoot actuator lugs may have influenced lower leg kinematics which subsequently resulted in lower oxygen consumption.
Perhaps, sole hardness due to the actuator lugs resulted in perceptual conditions of impact similar to that of barefoot running. That is, perception of impact from the interaction between the actuator lugs and the ground, may be perceived in the same way then if the runner was running barefoot on a hard surface.
Looking to give the Newton Racer shoe a try?
More From Run Forefoot:
- What is the Best Running Technique?
- Choosing Running Shoes for Forefoot Running
- Why You Have Running Pain in Top of Foot
- Overuse Injuries Related to Heel Strike Running
References:
Clarke, T.E., Frederick, E.C., and Cooper, L.B., 1983. Biomechanical measurement of running shoe cushioning properties, In: B.M. Nigg and B.A. Kerr, eds. Biomechanical aspects of sport shoes and playing surfaces. Calgary: University of Calgary Printing Services, 25–34.
Moran, MF and Greer, BK. Influence of midsole ‘actuator lugs’ on running economy in trained distance runners. Footwear Science, 2013;5(2):91-99.
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