Can You Learn Forefoot Running on a Treadmill?

I commonly get asked if it’s okay to learn forefoot running on a treadmill. I personally don’t like the idea and I believe a new running style should be learned over-ground.

Can You Learn Forefoot Running on a Treadmill?

In the past, treadmills were considered as an unstable surface for running, making them less appealing to learn forefoot running on.

Donoghue et al. (2008) noted that treadmill running may influence injurious kinematics, such as prolonged foot contact. Hutson (1996) also found that long foot contact occurred on unstable surfaces, such as a treadmill. In this case, the calf musculature might contract more in attempt to control pronation and prolonged contraction increases stiffness in the gastrocnemius or soleus, increasing the risk of Achilles injury.

The data implies a significant downside to learning forefoot running on a treadmill: injury. This is perhaps not surprising, given that humans did not evolve to run on a treadmill. Because of this, learning forefoot running overground is the smartest move because it provides a better indicator of true motion.

On the flip side, when modifying their form, runners tend to behave a little different on a treadmill, mostly by exhibiting impaired balance and exaggerated kinematics which may theoretically increase injury occurrence.

More From Run Forefoot:

Cushioned Running Shoes Result in Deficits in Foot Health and Running Form

Heel Strike vs Forefoot Strike Running

Forefoot Runners Prone to Less Injury

First, Find the Proper Footwear

Barefoot Running Training Tips

Staying Warm During Winter Running

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References:

Donoghue et al. Lower limb kinematics of subjects with chronic achilles tendon injury during running. Res Sports Med, 2008;16:23-38.

Hutson MA (1996) Sports Injuries: Recognition and Management (2nd ed) New York: Oxford University Press.